1. Key Concepts:
* Media Language - How do they convey meaning.
* Audience - Who is watching.
* Representation - How are things, places and people portayed in the media.
* Institution - Who made/owns it.
2. Media terms:
The Media - All the public forms of mass communication combined.
Media - All the industrial forms.
Media Text - The invidual results of media production.
Medium - Invidual forms of media.
3. Camera Angles:
Birds eye view - Show enviroment, scenery where it take place. Godlike position.
Eye view - neutral position, often use for dialogue.
High angle - things seems less scary or less important.
Low angle - thing seems more scary and bigger, also more powerfull.
Child eye view/ Waste level - making feeling intimacy.
Ground level - builds up tension and mistery.
4. Camera Shots:
ECU - Extreme Close Up - show emotions and emphasis.
CU - Close Up - emphasis and emotions take us to mind.
MCU - Medium Close Up - dialogue shot
DT - Dutch Tilt - use for disorientation
MS - Medium Shot - shows interaction, often in action scenes.
MLS - Medium Long Shot - character and enviroment is in equal ammount.
LS - Long Shot - shows whole character.
ELS - Extreme Long Shot - establishing shot which is used to set the scene.
5. Camera Movement:
Zoom - used to take the audience into or away from the subject.
Pan & Tilt - used for following the subject, useful during slow scenes such as conversations.
Handheld - produses a jerky movement, creating a sense of reality/chaos.
Pedestal - used to follow for both slow and action scenes due to the smooth wide range of motion, primarily used in television studios due to the smooth flooring required for the wheels.
Tracking/Dolly - used to follow the action of a scene in a smooth manner. Requires time to lay down the tracks and set up the shot.
Crane - often used to take the audience into or away from a scene. Gives a varied range of motion which is useful during action moments.
Steadicam - used to follow the action in a smooth manner, useful for making the audience feel part of the action without distracting or providing jerk movement.
6. Sound:
Diagetic Sound - Sound or music that is recorded on set as it happens. This will include dialogue and sounds which take place within the film
Non-Diagetic Sound - Music or sound which is added to the film during the editing process. Most often, non-diagetic sound is music, which is used to create atmosphere or emotion.
7. X:
Denotations - what can you we see in the picture/shot.
Connotations - what does the image/shot suggest or imply
8. Mise En Scene:
Mise En Scene - What is put into a scene, it is what visual information is put in front of the camera by its makers and why. It communicates essential information to the audience.
5 Elements of Mise En Scene:
* Setting and Props,
* Costume Hair and Makup,
* Face Expression and Body Language,
* Lighting and Colour,
* Possition of Character/Object
9. Narrative:
Story - a sequence of events, known correctly as a plot.
Narrative - the way those are put together to be presented to an audience.
10. Equilibrium Theory:
1. Equilibrium
2. Disequilibrium
3. Recognition of Equilibrium
4. An Attempt to repair Equilibrium
5. New State of Equilibrium
11. Binary Oppositions - different oppositions, eg, Good/Evil, Poor/Rich, Love/Anger, Light/Dark etc.
12. U&G and HN Models:
Hyperdemic Needle Model - explains that people believe every part of every media message they are told. They consume it as if beign brainwashed. The audiences are passive.
Uses and Gratification - sees human being as desion-makers and instead of just absorbing the message we makes choices and selection on what to watch, what to believe and how to watch it. The audiences are active.
